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With the development of social economy and the increase of leisure time for human beings, human beings are paying more and more attention to the health. The health tourism industry for the purpose of health preservation has also been brought out. In the health tourism industry, traditional medicine plays an important role in this. It is promoting mutual learning among human civilizations. It plays an important role in maintaining the physical and mental health of the people. China has abundant traditional medicine resources and a huge health tourism market. How to effectively integrate traditional medicine and health tourism industries, promote the long-term development of both is of research. This article takes the traditional medicine of the Zhuang nationality in Guangxi as the research object. We analyze the status quo of its integration with the health tourism industry, point out that the integration has not been done, such as the relatively backward infrastructure of traditional medicine and health tourism, urgent need to enrich experience products, lack of product structure, and lack of professional talents. We will deal with these problems to proposes a path to improve the effective integration. It is expected to provide theoretical guidance and practical reference for the integrated development of traditional medicine and health tourism.
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Objective To study the mechanism of overexpression of retinoic acid receptor alpha( RARα)in attenuating renal interstitial fibrosis(RIP)in rats. Methods Porty 6_week_old male SD rats were randomly divided into 4 groups:sham operation group,model group,negative control group and transfection group,with 10 rats in each group. Rats in model group were separated and double ligated with left ureter;rats in sham operation group were not li_gated with ureter;rats in transfection group and negative control group were transfected with adeno_associated virus and negative control virus carrying RARα gene on the basis of model group,respectively. All rats were sacrificed 2 weeks later. Left kidney tissues were taken for pathological examination and RIP index was calculated. The expression of colla_genⅣ(Col_Ⅳ)and fibronectin(PN)in renal tissue was detected by using immunohistochemistry. The expressions of RARα,prohibitin(DHB)and transforming growth factor_beta 1(TGP_β1)in renal tissue were detected by using real_time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction( RT _qDCR)and Western blot. Results (1)Com_pared with sham operation group,the RIP index was significantly increased in model group(22. 81 ± 2. 43 vs. 2. 34 ± 0. 55,q﹦24. 94,P〈0. 05);compared with model group,the RIP index was not of significant difference in negative control group(22. 81 ± 0. 43 vs. 22. 26 ± 3. 43,q﹦0. 67,P〉0. 05),however it significantly decreased in transfection group(14. 06 ± 2. 99 vs. 22. 81 ± 2. 43,q﹦10. 66,P〈0. 05).(2)Compared with sham operation group,the mRNA and protein expressions of RARα,DHB significantly decreased in model group,but TGP_β1 mRNA and protein,Col_Ⅳand PN protein expression significantly increased in model group( mRNA:0. 43 ± 0. 17 vs. 1. 00 ± 0. 00,0. 34 ± 0. 08 vs. 1. 00 ± 0. 00,2. 97 ± 0. 54 vs. 1. 00 ± 0. 00,all P〈0. 05;protein:0. 25 ± 0. 10 vs. 0. 51 ± 0. 06,0. 24 ± 0. 07 vs. 0. 58 ± 0. 04,0. 59 ± 0. 09 vs. 0. 33 ± 0. 06,16. 01 ± 0. 87 vs. 8. 79 ± 0. 39,14. 64 ± 0. 32 vs. 9. 36 ± 0. 59,all P〈0. 05);com_pared with model group,the mRNA and protein expressions of RARα,DHB,TGP_β1 and Col_Ⅳand PN protein ex_pression had no significant difference in negative control group(all P〉0. 05);compared with model group,the mRNA and protein expression of RARα,DHB mRNA and protein expression significantly increased,but the TGP_β1 mRNA and protein,Col_Ⅳ and PN protein expression significantly decreased in transfected group( mRNA:0. 86 ± 0. 07 vs. 0. 43 ± 0. 17,0. 89 ± 0. 11 vs. 0. 34 ± 0. 08,1. 65 ± 0. 28 vs. 2. 97 ± 0. 54,all P〈0. 05;protein:0. 40 ± 0. 07 vs. 0. 25 ± 0. 10,0. 45 ± 0. 10 vs. 0. 24 ± 0. 07,0. 43 ± 0. 08 vs. 0. 59 ± 0. 09,11. 57 ± 0. 33 vs. 16. 01 ± 0. 87,11. 67 ± 0. 53 vs. 14. 64 ± 0. 32,all P〈0. 05).(3)Correlation analysis revealed that RARα protein expression was negatively correlated with RIP index,Col_Ⅳ,PN,TGP_β1(r﹦ _0. 78,_0. 78,_0. 76,_0. 76,all P〈0. 05);DHB protein expression was negatively correlated with RIP index,Col_Ⅳ,PN,TGP _β1( r ﹦ _0. 87,_0. 87,_0. 88,_0. 75,all P 〈0. 05);RARα protein was positively correlated with DHB(r﹦0. 85,P〈0. 05). Conclusion Overexpression of RARα could attenuate RIP by enhancing DHB expression in rats subjected to unilateral ureteral obstruction.
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Syndromes of coronary heart disease with angina pectoris were analyzed to provide guidance for clinical practice and to improve accuracy of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) diagnoses and efficacy of TCM treatment. A total of 860 cases with coronary heart disease with angina pectoris were selected from TCM Clinical Research Information Sharing System for TCM clinics and research. Syndromes were automatically extracted with the cluster method and were analyzed to provide objective evidence for clinical studies. Final syndrome classifications were recognized and confirmed by clinical experts. Popular syndromes included Qi and blood deficiency, blood stasis and obstruction collaterals, liver depression and spleen deficiency, and Qi stagnation and blood stasis. Syndromes Qi and blood deficiency and blood stasis and obstruction collaterals accounted for 28.61% of total syndromes, whereas liver depression and spleen deficiency and Qi stagnation and blood stasis accounted for 26.44%. The main syndrome elements comprised Qi deficiency, blood deficiency, blood stasis, and Qi stagnation.
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Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Angina Pectoris , Diagnosis , Therapeutics , Cluster Analysis , Coronary Disease , Diagnosis , Therapeutics , Diagnosis, Differential , Hemostasis , Medicine, Chinese Traditional , SyndromeABSTRACT
Objective To explore the effect of overexpression of retinoic acid receptor α(RARα)on epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition(EMT)induced by hypoxia in renal tubular epithelial cells(NRK-52E).Methods The RARα lentivirus vector and negative control lentivirus vector were synthetised.The NRK-52E cells were divided into 4 groups:the normal control group,the hypoxia model group,the transfection group and the negative control group.Puro-mycin(2 mg/L)was added in transfection group and negative control group for screening after gene interference for 72 h.Then the 2 groups were subjected to hypoxia/reoxygenation,but the normal control group had no treatment. The change of cellular morphology was observed by using light microscope;the mRNA and protein expressions of RARα, E-cadherin,α -smooth muscle actin(α-SMA)in NRK-52E cells were detected by adopting reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR)and Western blot after hypoxia for 48 h.Results (1)Light microscope re-vealed that cells in both hypoxia model group and negative control group cells became atrophic and elongated,which were consistent with the morphology of myofibroblasts.But cells in transfection group cells were cubic,forming an epi-thelial monolayer.(2)Compared with the normal control group,the mRNA and protein expressions of RARα and E-cadherin in hypoxia model group were dramatically reduced(mRNA:0.58 ± 0.12 vs.1.00 ± 0.00,0.11 ± 0.00 vs. 1.00 ± 0.00,t= -0.63,767.30,all P<0.05;protein:0.63 ± 0.12 vs.1.62 ± 0.16,0.44 ± 0.22 vs.1.27 ± 0.08,t=8.61,6.19,all P<0.05),but the mRNA and protein expressions of α-SMA were higher(3.47 ± 0.83 vs.1.00 ± 0.00,1.39 ± 0.16 vs.0.64 ± 0.10,t= -5.01,-6.91,all P<0.05).(3)The mRNA and protein expressions of RARα and E-cadherin in the transfection group were significantly increased,compared with hypoxia model group(mRNA:4.69 ± 1.34 vs.0.58 ± 0.12,0.23 ± 0.00 vs.0.11 ± 0.00,q=9.13,25.48,all P<0.05;protein:1.39 ± 0.19 vs. 0.63 ± 0.12,0.87 ± 0.09 vs.0.44 ± 0.22,q=7.92,4.30,all P<0.05)and negative control group(mRNA:4.69 ± 1.34 vs.0.55 ± 0.21,0.23 ± 0.00 vs.0.12 ± 0.01,q=9.20,23.35,all P<0.05;protein:1.39 ± 0.19 vs.0.65 ±0.18,0.87 ± 0.09 vs.0.39 ± 0.21,q=7.71,4.80,all P<0.05).Conversely,the mRNA and protein levels of α-SMA were obviously lower in transfection group(1.52 ± 0.34 vs.3.47 ± 0.83,4.05 ± 0.81,0.82 ± 0.13 vs.1.39 ± 0.10,1.17 ± 0.10,q=4.88,6.33,7.50,4.61,all P<0.05).The difference in mRNA and protein expressions of RARα,E-cadherin,α-SMA between the hypoxia group and the negative control group had no statistical significance (all P>0.05).Conclusion Overexpression of RARα could alleviate EMT of renal tubular epithelial cells induced by hypoxia.
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Objective To explore the role of c-Jun N-terminal protein kinase(JNK)pathway in renal tubular epithelial cells(RTEC)transdifferentiation by detecting the expression of JNK pathway in the injury of hypoxic RTEC. Methods In vitro cultured rat RTEC were randomly divided into four groups of normal control, hypoxia,inhibitors,dimethyl sulfoxide(DMSO). The groups of hypoxia,inhibitor and DMSO were placed into a vacuum tank to establish hypoxia model. The cells were harvested 6,12 and 24 h after hypoxia started. RT-PCR and Western blot test were used to detect the mRNA expressions of alpha smooth muscle actin(α- SMA)and protein expressions of JNK,pJNK and alpha SMA,respectively,in all the groups. Results Hypoxia induced significantly increased expressions of α-SMA mRNA and proteins,and JNK and pJNK proteins as well in RTEC (all P<0.05).After addition of inhibitors,the expression of α-SMA mRNA and proteins,the protein expression of pJNK in RTEC were significantly decreased(all P < 0.05)and the expression of JNK protein was significantly increased(P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the expressions of JNK,pJNK,α-SMA in RTECs between hypoxia group and DMSO group(all P>0.05).There was a significant positive correlation between pJNK protein and α-SMA protein expression(P < 0.01). Conclusion In hypoxic RETC injury in rats,JNK pathway may be involved in the RTEC phenotype transdifferentiation.
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Alzheimer’s disease (AD) has become one of the worldwide critical diseases which seriously threaten the health of the elderly. Exploring and developing medicine with high efficiency and low toxicity for AD patients is one of the vital medicine issues. Traditional Chinese medicine has high research and development value in the prevention and treatment of AD. Currently, increasing researches have proved that Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma, as a kind of traditional and valuable Chinese herbal medicine, shows effects on improving learning and memorizing ability and prevention and treatment of AD. This article reviewed Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma extract improving symptoms of AD and its mechanism of action in detail, with a purpose to provide references for Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma extract improving learning and memorizing ability and prevention and treatment of AD in clinic.